// Source: "Software Design ...", John A Robinson, Newnes, 2004, page 164.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
template <class itemtype>
class stack
	{
	// First come the private data items
	int stack_length; 		// To allow the caller to set max length
	itemtype *stack_base; 		// Points to where stack is in memory
	int stack_pointer;
public:
	stack(const int size) 		// This is the constructor
		{
		stack_base = new itemtype[stack_length = size];
		stack_pointer = 0;
		};
	~stack() 			// This is the destructor
		{
		delete [] stack_base; 	// NOTE USE OF SQUARE BRACKETS
		}
	int push(const itemtype value);	// push and pop are declared inside the class
					// definition but defined below
	int pop(itemtype& value);
	};

template <class itemtype>
int stack<itemtype>::push(const itemtype value)                                             
// A short function like this could have
// been included in the class definition
	{
	if (stack_pointer == stack_length)
		return(-1); // Stack full
	stack_base[stack_pointer++] = value;
	return(0);
	}
template <class itemtype>
int stack<itemtype>::pop(itemtype& value)
	{
	if (stack_pointer == 0)
		return(-1); // Stack empty
	value = stack_base[--stack_pointer];
	return(0);
	}


int main()
	{
	stack<int> my_stack(10);
	// Saying that I won't be putting more
	// than 10 items on the stack.
	my_stack.push(345);
	my_stack.push(678);
	int test;
	my_stack.pop(test);
	cout << test << " was just popped off the stack\n";
	return 0;
	}
/*
Alternative main() using doubles

int main()
	{
	stack<double> my_stack(10);
	// Saying that I won't be putting more
	// than 10 items on the stack.
	my_stack.push(345.543);
	my_stack.push(678.876);
	double test;
	my_stack.pop(test);
	cout << test << " was just popped off the stack\n";
	return 0;
	}
*/